Saturday, December 28, 2019

Amazon A Computer Specialist Based Out Of New York Essay

Introduction: Amazon was created by Jeff Bezos, a computer specialist based out of New York. Jeff identified an opportunity to establish a firm in the internet Industry. After much delegation, he decided to establish Amazon with a foundation in literature. Jeff created a website which went live in July of 1995. Amazon has established itself presently as American electronic commerce and cloud computing company. Amazon focuses on identifying opportunities and establishing themselves within new markets despite formidable competitors. Amazon competes in many different markets such as cellular phones and smart devices, online retailing and advertising, and web services. As Amazon tries to capture markets with innovation it experiences competitors such as Apple, Google, Facebook, and China’s Alibaba. It competes heavily with these companies through strategic acquisitions. Companies like Junglee, HomeGrocer.com, Pets.com, Living.com, provide Amazon with unique and innovative ideas to continue to c ompete. However not all Amazon ideas are successful, which has led to net losses and a need to satisfy investors. Amazon must continuously develop itself to keep contending with opposing companies. Issues Facing the Firm: Amazon is facing many problems at this point in time. They have just reported a net loss of two hundred and forty-one million for the year. This is primarily because they are spending such a large amount of money on research and development as well as licensing someShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Scan Paper1539 Words   |  7 Pagestechnological industries to include: Google, Apple, and Amazon. Each organization creates value in its products and services to stay ahead of the competition. Google is considered the industry leader when it comes to search and has 65% of the search market, according to Hit Wise. The company maintains its competitive advantage by developing a diversified infrastructure that gives them the ability to provide high-speed searches and branch out into other industries. Goggles infrastructure is made upRead MoreHow Can Amazon Use Positioning to Create a Strong Brand Identity in the Next 5 Years?17302 Words   |  70 PagesHow can Amazon use positioning to create a strong brand identity in the next 5 years? ‘Leeuwarden, November2012’ Konstantin Grusnewitsch Jacqueline Ligtenberg Djuri van der Schaar Stenden University†¨ Leeuwarden, The Netherlands†¨ 101141 79050 80674 Small Business and Retail Management Store Branding 2012-2013 Mr. Jos Schils Mr. Ralph Ferwerda Mr. Marten Jan Feenstra Mr. Joe Murphy Konstantin Grusnewitsch Jacqueline Ligtenberg Djuri van der Schaar How can Amazon use positioningRead MoreStrategic Management and Information Systems19841 Words   |  80 Pages3. Demonstrate how Porter’s competitive forces model and the value chain model help businesses use information systems for competitive advantage. 4. Demonstrate how information systems help businesses use synergies, core competencies, and network-based strategies to achieve competitive advantage. 5. Assess the challenges posed by strategic information systems and management solutions. 3.4 CHAPTER OUTLINE 3.1 ORGANIZATIONS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS What Is an Organization? Features of OrganizationsRead MoreBest Buy S Turn Around Strategy13959 Words   |  56 Pagesquarter showed a comparable 97 percent drop in operating income.3 So, yes, the fact that the company made $12.8 billion in revenues during the last nine weeks of 2012, compared to $12.9 million the year prior (a drop of just 0.4 percent), was welcome news indeed.4 As Joly had previously told investors, one of his first priorities was to stabilize the company before he could implement ways to improve its overall performance.5 Still, Joly was optimistic about Best Buy’s future. He had a knack for numbersRead MoreBest Buy Financial8032 Words   |  33 Pagesof $53.86 in 2006. In five years, Best Buy had lost more than 55% of its market capitalization.1 Best Buy had slowly been losing market share to both discounters and online retailers. As WalMart cherry-picked popular items for steep discounts and Amazon encouraged consumers to compare prices using smart phones, Best Buy became a showroom for lower cost retailers. 2 Although there had been promising growth in Best Buy’s online and mobile divisions, store closures and programs to reduce the size ofRead MoreMarketing and E-commerce Business65852 Words   |  264 PagesReal-Time Marketing on Exchanges continued on back inside cover E -commerce business. technology. society. T e n T H e d i t i o n Kenneth C. Laudon Carol Guercio Traver New York University Azimuth Interactive, Inc. Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sà £o Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editor In Chief:Read MoreAn Internship At Aircon Engineering3933 Words   |  16 Pagesmission, vision and values. After researching, Aircon turned out to be one of my top choices, so you can imagine my excitement when I got selected. During my time there my boss and co-workers taught me many lessons about life and work that I will carry with me throughout my career. I established multiple professional skills like handling customers in the correct manner, making decisions, maintaining work-life balance, becoming computer literate, planning, and using teamwork. I learned a lot aboutRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagesinnovative and changing the world. One of the most important books to come out this year, and one that will remain pivotal reading for years to come.† Chairman and CEO, salesforce.com; author, Behind the Cloud â€Å" e Innovator’s DNA is the ‘how to’ manual to innovation, and to the fresh thinking that is the root of innovation. It has dozens of simple tricks that any person and any team can use today to discover the new ideas that solve the important problems. Buy it now and read it tonight.Read MoreBusiness Plan (Record Company)4303 Words   |  18 Pagesindependent record label! There is no interest on this loan and we have an oral agreement that we have five (5) years to pay back the loan. We have raised a budget of 15000 £ to start our record label! There are no office costs as we all already own a computer and are working in my living room which has been transformed for the occasion into an office. Our income forecast, which will be more detailed in our cashflow document, comprises: - Record sales (worldwide and different formats: CD, Vinyl). Read MoreEcommerce Success and Failure Stories7659 Words   |  31 Pages...................................................................................................... 23 E-Commerce Success Story – Google Inc Google is something which everyone knows, whether young or old, computer smart or not this name will pop up in any conversation about computers. Google is a piece of technology that has become a part of our lives. Google was started with a mission to organize the world‘s information and make it universally accessible and useful. Founders It all started

Friday, December 20, 2019

A Whisper Of Aids A Neo Aristotelian Criticism - 920 Words

Advance Speech A Whisper of AIDS: A Neo-Aristotelian Criticism In this paper, I will dispute that in Mary Fisher s A Whisper of Aids speech, the use of pathos and ethos assists in her demand to end the ignorance, prejudice and silence surrounding HIV/AIDS. I will discuss how she replaces the face of AIDS with her own, allowing the conservative crowd to connect with HIV/AIDS. Moreover, Fisher approaches the speech as an epidemic speech; by heavily relying on ethos and pathos she created compassion and connection to an audience that usually shows disinterest and silence on the subject of HIV/AIDS. This paper will also discuss the logos within Fisher s speech, and how she cleverly surrounds the logos of her argument with pathos and ethos. Although, Fisher has approached the speech as an epidemic, she holds a strong pervasive argument within the speech. The year was 1991 when Mary Fisher tested positive for HIV. Fisher is the daughter of Max Fisher, a powerful and wealthy republican. She isn t the norm al face of AIDS, and in 1992 she spoke out of her disease at the Republican National Convention. Fisher s speech, A Whisper of AIDS, is considered one of the top speeches of the 20th century. When Fisher gave her speech, she spoke to a crowd that didn t believe AIDS was going to affect their lives. When listening and reading the speech, one must take into context the time period, during the 90s testing positive for HIV/AIDS meant death. At the time there were noShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mary Fisher A Whisper Of Aids1190 Words   |  5 PagesCarriers of the viruses of HIV and AIDS have been silenced for far too long. It is time to speak out. In Mary Fisher’s speech â€Å"A Whisper of AIDS† she helps her audience to understand that the topic of HIV and AIDS should no longer be silenced. Fisher stood before an audience of her peers and used many forms of persuasion available to her in order to evoke a positive significant response from her audience. Mary Fisher was born in Louisville, Kentucky on April 6, 1948. She spent her early years inRead MoreCompare and Contrast Functionalism and Structuralism14315 Words   |  58 Pagesbehavior was not indifferent or apathetic either. (Latanà © and Darley 1976: 309–10) This is one of the most famous of social psychology’s stories, told and re-told in social psychology textbooks ever since. The question of why nobody came to Kitty’s aid was ï ¬ rst raised in a report, just after the incident, in the New York Times, and from then on social psychologists have studied why and in what circumstances people sometimes show an unwillingness to help others in trouble. Kitty was raped too, and

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Formulate Hypothetical Research Designs Qualitative & Quantitative Me

Question: Describe about the Hypothetical Design for Quantitative Research? Answer: 1. Introduction For developing any kind of research, it is important for the researcher to have an effective hypothetical basis. The hypothetical basis helps in formulating relevant research stages. This will help in receiving more valuable information and getting insight understanding of the proposed hypothesis (Clements and Sarama, 2012). In order to structure hypothetical research design the topic that has been undertaken is how successful are afterschool teachers to engage with students having emotional behavioural disorders and suffering with autism. Therefore, the major approaches that will be useful for the particular study are qualitative method and quantitative method. Moreover, the current paper will be focusing on evaluating the two hypothetical research designs. Both the qualitative and quantitative method will provide effective analysis basis which will help in collecting information and presenting it in a best form. 2. Hypothetical Design for Quantitative Research According to DeVries and Zan (2012), quantitative research design is considered as the standard experimental techniques of largely scientific disciplines. The experiments sometime treated as true science and employs traditional statistical and mathematical sets in order to measure outcomes conclusively. Therefore, the quantitative experiments takes account all standard formats with a less minor interdisciplinary gap for developing a hypothesis that need to be disproved or proved (Funnell et al., 2012). Thus, the hypothetical design for the quantitative method has been stated under: Hypothesis Statement: Afterschool staffs and teachers do not hold the knowledge and skills on how to engage with the students having emotional or behavioural disorders and autism. 2.1 Research Design Plan In order to study the above hypothesis, different variables will be taken in account during the research. Therefore, the critical variable for this particular research will be ability of after school staffs and teachers as a dependent variable. The major grounds that have impact on the ability of afterschool staffs and teachers to engage with students serve as a crucial variable for the research (Goodson, Loveless and Stephens, 2012). On the other hand, the factors that can have impact on the ineffectiveness of the afterschool staffs and teachers will be treated as independent variables as they may not be affected by other perspectives. Apart from that, on the basis of hypothesis statement, afterschool staffs and teachers will be segmented into two sections. The first section will be the cluster of afterschool educators having useful skills and knowledge of associating with students with disorders and autism. The next section will be comprised of afterschool staffs and teachers having ineffective knowledge and skills of associating with students having disorders and autism problems. The mechanism has been depicted with squat performance echelon of students with specific needs. Therefore, the researcher, on the basis of two sections of afterschool staff and teachers, can be able to make comparison of effectiveness between them. Thus, it can be valuable to supply the needs of the students suffering with autism or behavioural and emotional disorders. Moreover, it can be effective for the researcher to assess the hypothesis and receive result during the quantitative survey process (Grand and Jonas, 2012). Apart from that, the hypothetical design will be helpful for the researcher to spot the steps undertaken by superior performing afterschool programs as a standard for ensuring that the staffs and teachers possesses required knowledge and skills of engaging or associating with the students with disorders and autism. Therefore, the particular study will be lead to understand the best practices adopted in the afterschool programs for providing required support or needs to the students suffering from autism or emotional disorders (Iisgcp.org, 2015). 3. Hypothetical Design for Qualitative Research As per Popping (2012), the qualitative research design is regarded as the research techniques that are extensively employed by the researchers or scientists in order to study the habits and behaviour of the humans. Moreover, it is treated as pioneer to quantitative research. Therefore, it is applied to develop probable ideas or leads that can be used for devising a testable and realistic hypothesis (Seivewright, 2012). Thus, a hypothetical design in case of quantitative research has been outlined below: Hypothesis Statement: Afterschool programs quality is decided by the knowledge and skills possessed by the educators at programs to associate with students of autism and disorders. 3.1 Research Design The qualitative research is most flexible which encompasses different range of accepted techniques and structures. Therefore, in order to study the hypothesis, the researcher can focus upon various case studies or formulate survey designs or conduct interviews in order to gain better results (Supino and Borer, 2012). As this section is an exploratory nature then the qualitative approach is effective in getting information about the after school programs quality for handling autism and disorder students. Apart from that, an open end question as interview can be conducted with the afterschool educators by the researcher in order to understand their skills and knowledge in handling the students suffering from behavioural and emotional disorders or autism. The qualitative research does not follow standardized structure therefore; open end question will be effective for the researcher to acquire valuable information (6 and Bellamy, 2012). 3.2. Research Analysis Plan Speer (2012) opined that qualitative method does not take in account statistical analysis whereas in case of quantitative method it is opposite. Thus, open end questionnaire can be effective for the survey to accumulate needful data. Moreover, the open end questionnaire can be valuable in delivering a vital basis for obtaining information. On the other hand, quantitative researcher possesses a benefit of specificity which is not the same case in context to qualitative study (Armitage, 2012). Therefore, in order to study the hypothesis, it may be necessary for the researcher to develop the components that may lead to high excellence afterschool program. Moreover, the proposed statements are based on the program effectiveness for providing for the requirements of students with disorders and autism. Thus, the perception of the teachers and educators towards the afterschool program will be assessed. Apart from that, the researcher can be able to formulate a strategic framework in relatio n to after school programs on the basis of perceptions. On the other side, it can be understood that, hypothetical design for the qualitative research can provide a good platform for designing a framework of superior quality afterschool program (DeVries and Zan, 2012). Furthermore, the hypothetical design can be helpful for the researcher in understanding the factors that may have influence on the eminence of afterschool programs. The research can be also effective in addressing the certain concerns that may have been skipped in the quantitative design. Therefore, qualitative method can be useful in knowing the approach of educators towards students. 4. Strengths and Weakness of Research Methodology Qualitative Research Method The strengths of the qualitative approach are effective in raising more issues via open ended and broad inquiry. This helps in studying the hypothesis in more acceptable and resultant way. On the other hand, it focuses more on deep understanding relating to behaviours of beliefs, assumptions and values. Moreover, the researcher can carry cross case comparisons and do analysis. The narrow number of cases can be studied in depth under qualitative research. Further, the research direction or framework can be easily revised as latest information appears (Macrothink.org, 2015). The weakness of qualitative method is that it can be time consuming at the time of interviewing process or in process of intensive category. Moreover, for conducting qualitative research high skill is required for conducting interviews. Quantitative Research Method The major strengths of quantitative research are that the data can be presented in numbers and thus the researcher can conduct statistical test in formulating statements about the data. The study comprises descriptive statistics such as mean, median and standard deviation. Apart from that, inferential statistics is also taken in account such as ANOVA, t-test or multiple regression correlations. If the sample size is large then the quantitative research can provide more effective result (Southalabama.edu, 2015). The weakness of quantitative research is that a preconceived hypothesis or theories is considered for determining the type of data to be acquired. On the other hand, there is deficit of resources for conducting large scale research and also there is no any depth experience explanation. Moreover, if the sample size is too small then it can be difficult for researcher or may fail to attain statistical significance (Morgan, 2013). Conclusion From the whole study it can be concluded that different hypothetical design can be formulated for conducting quantitative and qualitative research on the particular assumed topic. The hypothetical design is effective in comparing the set hypothesis and generating a possible result to know whether the proposed hypothesis proves the statement or not. The quantitative method is useful as it comprises statistical analysis which is valuable in studying the data in most useful way. Therefore, critical analysis can be conducted to know the reliability and validity of the hypothesis statement. On the other hand, the qualitative method is effective in explaining the issues in more broad way. Thus, quantitative and qualitative researches are two opposite poles that try to solve the hypothesis in their own perspective. Apart from that, the study has mentioned strengths and weakness of both the research methods for knowing their effectiveness. References 6, P. and Bellamy, C. (2012). Principles of methodology. Los Angeles: SAGE. Armitage, A. (2012). A Methodology of the Imagination. JBAR, 1(1). Clements, D. and Sarama, J. (2012). Hypothetical Learning Trajectories. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. DeVries, R. and Zan, B. (2012). Moral classrooms, moral children. New York: Teachers College Press. Funnell, D., Fertleman, C., Carrey, L. and Brierley, J. (2012). Quantitative valuation placed by children and teenagers on participation in two hypothetical research scenarios. Journal of Medical Ethics, 38(11), pp.686-691. Goodson, I., Loveless, A. and Stephens, D. (2012). Explorations in narrative research. Rotterdam: SensePublishers. Grand, S. and Jonas, W. (2012). Mapping design research. Basel: Birkhauser. Iisgcp.org, (2015). Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. [online] Available at: https://www.iisgcp.org/glssn/Supplemental%20Reading%20on%20Coding%202.pdf [Accessed 27 Feb. 2015]. Iosrjournals.org, (2015). The Strengths and Weaknesses of Research Methodology. [online] Available at: https://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jhss/papers/Vol19-issue4/Version-3/N0194399104.pdf [Accessed 27 Feb. 2015]. Macrothink.org, (2015). Quantitative and Qualitative Research. [online] Available at: https://macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ije/article/viewFile/446/361 [Accessed 27 Feb. 2015]. Montoy, J. (2012). Essays in Behavioral Health Economics. Berkeley, CA. Morgan, M. (2013). Playing Against the Odds. O'Riordan, K. (2012). The Life of the Gay Gene: From Hypothetical Genetic Marker to Social Reality. Journal of Sex Research, 49(4), pp.362-368. Popping, R. (2012). Qualitative Decisions in Quantitative Text Analysis Research. Sociological Methodology, 42(1), pp.88-90. Seivewright, S. (2012). Research and design. Lausanne: AVA Academia. Southalabama.edu, (2015). Strengths and Weaknesses. [online] Available at: https://www.southalabama.edu/coe/bset/johnson/oh_master/Ch14/Tab14-02.pdf [Accessed 27 Feb. 2015]. Speer, S. (2012). Hypothetical Questions: A Comparative Analysis and Implications for Applied  vs. Basic  Conversation Analysis. Research on Language Social Interaction, 45(4), pp.352-374. Supino, P. and Borer, J. (2012). Principles of research methodology. New York, NY: Springer.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport Aviation Management

Question: Do a report on Amsterdam schiphol airport and do the following . 1) Apply porters five forces model to armsterdam airport. 2) Analyse the possible strategic choices the airport has. 3) Explain what choices the company adopted and why. 4) Discuss the competitive advantage the company has. Answer: Introduction Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is the international airport of Netherlands. The airport started its operations in 1916 and was used as a local airbase for the military. With regular expansion and growth over the years, Schiphol is the fifth busiest airport in Europe and the twenty-second busiest airport in the world. A range of airlines operates from this airport. The aim of this report is to strategically analyse the external factors that affect Schiphol. The competitive advantages of the airport are analysed. Various possible strategic choices are determined. One strategic choice is recommended based on the results of external analyses (Amsterdamairport.info 2016). Porters Five Forces Model Bargaining Power of Suppliers The main suppliers of Schiphol are labours, baggage handlers and fuel suppliers. Labours pose a great power at the airport as they are union workers. There is a pool of large suppliers for providing fuel. Due to production cuts by Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and strong economic growth has constantly increased fuel prices, also resulting in fuel efficiency. Vanderlande is the baggage handler at the airport and is responsible for making its services better every day with high power. These factors make the bargaining power of the suppliers at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is considered moderate (Vanderlande.com 2016). Bargaining Power of Buyers The buyers of Schiphol are the passengers travelling in flights. The passengers are categorized as time-sensitive and non-time sensitive based on the competition. The individual buyers do not have any bargaining power. However, corporate passengers have bargaining power. The buyers have a high bargaining power due to prevailing competitive prices in the airline industry. The passengers choose to travel via low cost airline. If the prices of the airlines are kept high, passengers have a large pool of flights to select from (Bilotkach and Polk 2013). Threat of New Entrants An airport requires a large amount of investment, ground space and major infrastructural facilities. Besides large investments, strict regulations make it hard for the new entrants to enter the industry. An airport also requires a large number of employees and partners managing and handling the operations at the site. Therefore, the threat of new entrants is low (Bilotkach and Polk 2013). Intensity of Rivalries Schiphol faces intense competition from other busy airports in the world that are ranked higher such as Charles de Gaulle Airport, Istanbul Ataturk Airport and Frankfurt Airport. Intense competition is faced as these airports are busier than Schiphol. Other competitors are the airports in Netherlands such as Rotterdam The Hague Airport, Eindhoven Airport and various others. But these are not as big and busy as Schiphol. Therefore, the intensity is moderate (Rogers 2012). Threat of Substitutes When talking about substitutes, the products or services from other industries are considered. The substitutes could be other services such as Eurolines, a bus service for short travel (Eurolines.com 2016). Rail services can be used as a substitute mode of transportation. These substitutes are bound by defined routes and time constraints. Air travel is the quickest mode of transportation for huge distances. Therefore, the threat of substitutes in the airline industry is very low (Bilotkach and Polk 2013). SWOT Analysis An internal analysis is made for the Amsterdam Airport Schiphol: Strengths The airport is a modern and well-equipped airport. It is the main international airport in Netherlands with local community engagement. It has a high brand recognition and reputation consisting of terminals for both aviation and non-aviation activities. The innovative strength, central location and easy accessibility are key strengths (Annualreportschiphol.com 2016). Weaknesses Amsterdam is a small domestic market having a complex system of rules ad agreements for using airspace and runways. The airport depends on a large number of customers and has relatively old infrastructure in relation to other rivalries (Annualreportschiphol.com 2016). Opportunities The strongest opportunity lies in making it a Single European Sky. For increasing the footfalls, the traffic and transport may emerge. International train connections to and from the airport can be made directly (Annualreportschiphol.com 2016). Threats The existing threats are competition from other rivalries. The quality perception of customers due to large scale renovation projects are a threat. The air quality concerns and other commutations pose threat to Schiphol (Annualreportschiphol.com 2016). Possible strategic choices Expansion of Airport There are various opportunities for expanding the number of terminals at Schiphol. Currently, there are six terminals, and a seventh one could be constructed for greater market opportunities (Hill and Jones 2013). Integration Schiphol could involve in backward integration where airport operators seek control of suppliers. On the other hand, it could consider horizontal integration with other organizations in the same industry (Hill and Jones 2013). Increase in Tourism The resources at the airport could be used for capturing a greater market share by increasing the number of existing customers. Tourism growth strategy at Netherlands can be framed for increasing the rate of tourists from across the world (GoÃÅ'ˆssling, Hall and Scott 2015). Strategy Adopted by Amsterdam Airport Schiphol The strategy adopted by Schiphol Airport for increasing sustainability is expansion. The management chose to build and renew a new Pier A and terminal. The strategy is chosen for increasing the continuity of high quality services at the airport. The designs for the new terminal are being designed and assessed. Not only the terminal is expanded, the airport also creates new parking so that sufficient facilities. As a result of overall renovation, the existing facilities are relocated and new services are added at the airport (Schiphol.nl 2016). Conclusion The overall aim of this report is to assess the range of strategic options available at the Schiphol Airport. The macro-environment is analysed using competitive advantage and five forces model. The bargaining power of the suppliers at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is considered moderate. The buyers have a high bargaining power due to prevailing competitive prices in the airline industry. The intensity of rivalries is moderate. The threat of substitutes in the airline industry is very low. Schiphol has various competitive advantages such as central location, duty-free indoor shopping and the greatest airline hub in Europe. The Schiphol Airport has chosen expansion of terminals to increase the continuity of high quality services at the airport. References Amsterdamairport.info, 2016.Amsterdam Airport. [online] Available at: https://www.amsterdamairport.info/ [Accessed 27 Feb. 2016]. Annualreportschiphol.com, 2016. SWOT analysis | Annual Report 2014 | Schiphol. [online] Available at: https://www.annualreportschiphol.com/strategy/changing-business-environment/swot-analysis [Accessed 1 Mar. 2016]. Bilotkach, V. and Polk, A., 2013. Market Power of Airports: A Case Study for Amsterdam Airport Schiphol.Competition and Regulation in Network Industries, [online] 14(4). Available at: https://www.crninet.com/pdf_file/ITS/CRNI_14_04_0320.pdf [Accessed 28 Feb. 2016]. Eurolines.com, 2016.Explore Europe by road. 600+ destinations. 33 countries. [online] Available at: https://www.eurolines.com/en/ [Accessed 27 Feb. 2016]. GoÃÅ'ˆssling, S., Hall, C. and Scott, D., 2015.The Routledge handbook of tourism and sustainability. New York: Routledge, p.420. Hill, C. and Jones, G., 2013.Strategic management. Mason, OH: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Opec.org, 2016.OPEC : The Role of OPEC in the 21st Century. [online] Available at: https://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/918.htm [Accessed 27 Feb. 2016]. Rogers, S., 2012.The world's top 100 airports: listed, ranked and mapped. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2012/may/04/world-top-100-airports#data [Accessed 28 Feb. 2016]. Schiphol.nl, 2016. New terminal and Pier A. [online] Available at: https://www.schiphol.nl/Travellers/AtSchiphol/SchipholRenews/NewTerminalAndPierA.htm [Accessed 1 Mar. 2016]. Schiphol.nl, 2016.Duty-free and VAT. [online] Available at: https://www.schiphol.nl/Travellers/Shop/AboutShoppingAtSchiphol/dutyfreevat2.htm [Accessed 28 Feb. 2016]. Vanderlande.com, 2016.Amsterdam Airport Schiphol - Vanderlande. [online] Available at: https://www.vanderlande.com/references/amsterdam-airport-schiphol [Accessed 27 Feb. 2016].